Temporary wilting, yellowing, or growth slowdown immediately after transplanting, caused by root damage and stress from changed conditions.
In plain terms
Moving plants traumatizes them. Roots are damaged during digging, soil contact changes, water availability drops (from root damage), and environmental conditions (light, temperature, wind) change. Most recover in a few weeks if given water and time. Symptoms include wilting despite watering, yellowing leaves, and slow growth. Hardening off seedlings before transplanting reduces shock.
Why this matters
Understanding transplant shock explains post-transplant wilting and the importance of watering and protection. It's temporary if managed properly.
In practice
Examples
Seedling transplanted to garden; wilts first day despite watering; recovers in 3-5 days with consistent water and shade.
Hardened-off seedling transplanted; minimal shock; recovers in 1-2 days.
Bare-root tree transplanted; significant shock; watering and mulch critical for recovery.
Tender annual transplanted in harsh sun; severe wilting; shade cloth and water restore it.
Practical applications
Water thoroughly after transplanting; roots are damaged and need moisture.
Shade transplants for a few days if very sunny.
Mulch to conserve moisture and moderate temperature.
Harden off seedlings before transplanting to reduce shock.