The process where plants break down stored food (glucose) to release energy for growth and metabolism, consuming oxygen and producing CO₂.
In plain terms
Respiration is the opposite of photosynthesis. Plants make food via photosynthesis, then burn that food via respiration to power growth, nutrient transport, and metabolism. Respiration happens 24/7; photosynthesis happens only during daylight. Respiration rate increases with temperature: warmer plants respire faster, consuming more stored energy.
Why this matters
Understanding respiration explains why plants use stored energy and why temperature affects growth rates and crop storage.
In practice
Examples
Plant respires constantly; faster at night (no photosynthesis to replace energy).
Warm greenhouse: plants respire fast, consuming energy; may need more frequent fertilizing.
Cool storage (45°F) slows respiration in harvested vegetables; extends shelf life.
Temperature management affects growth: warm means fast respiration (more energy use); cool means slow.
Practical applications
Understand that plants use energy constantly; growth requires adequate nutrition.
Temperature management affects growth: warm means fast respiration (more energy use); cool means slow.
Store harvested crops cool to slow respiration and extend storage life.
Cool nights reduce respiration loss; beneficial for fruit and vegetable quality.