Applying water to plants to meet their moisture needs, done properly through deep, infrequent applications rather than shallow, frequent sprinkles.
Water is essential; how you water matters as much as how much. Deep, infrequent watering encourages deep roots and drought tolerance. Shallow, frequent watering creates shallow roots and frequent drought stress. Early morning watering prevents fungal disease (foliage dries quickly). Soil moisture matters: water if top 1-2 inches dry, not on schedule.
Proper watering technique prevents problems: deep roots, disease suppression, drought tolerance, efficient water use.