A plant species naturally occurring in a specific geographic region before European settlement, adapted to local climate, soil, and wildlife.
In plain terms
Native plants evolved in your region, so they're adapted to local climate, soil, and water. They support local wildlife (butterflies, bees, birds depend on specific native plants). They're generally lower-maintenance, more drought-tolerant, and support ecosystem health better than introduced plants. Using native plants creates a garden that functions like natural habitat.
Why this matters
Native plants support ecosystem health, reduce maintenance, and are more resilient to local pests and diseases. They're the foundation of sustainable gardens.
In practice
Examples
Native wildflowers attract native butterflies and bees; non-native ornamentals may not.
Native trees support more wildlife than exotic ornamental trees.
Native shrubs are naturally adapted to local rainfall; require less supplemental watering.
Native groundcovers and shade plants thrive in local conditions with minimal inputs.
Practical applications
Research native plants for your region (local extension, native plant societies).
Prioritize native plants in new plantings; don't feel obligated to rip out existing non-natives.
Native plants may take a year or two to establish; water regularly first season, then minimal care.
Group native plants with similar water needs for efficient watering.
Use native plants to support local pollinators and wildlife.