The transfer of pollen from one plant to another compatible plant of the same species, enabling fertilization and supporting fruit and seed production.
For many plants, pollen must move between different plants before flowers can develop fruit and seeds. This transfer is often carried out by bees, other pollinators, or wind.
While some plants are capable of pollinating themselves, others depend heavily on cross-pollination for reliable fruit production. In these cases, nearby compatible plants flowering at the same time improve pollination success.
Many fruit trees and berry-producing plants benefit from cross-pollination, often producing larger harvests when suitable pollination partners are present.
Poor pollination can lead to fewer fruits, lower yields, or flowers that fail to develop altogether. Understanding cross-pollination helps gardeners select compatible varieties, improve fruit set, and create conditions that support successful pollination.